Cologne Bonn Airport: Take the S19 or an RE service from Köln/Bonn Flughafen to Köln Hbf: roughly 15 minutes, usually about €4 on a VRS ticket. This is the sensible transfer; a taxi only makes sense for a late arrival, heavy luggage, or a destination nowhere near rail.
Düsseldorf Airport: Use the SkyTrain from the terminals to Düsseldorf Flughafen station, then the RE1, RE5 or RE6 direct to Köln Hbf or Köln Messe/Deutz. Allow about 50–65 minutes terminal-to-Cologne and roughly €15–20 without a regional pass; it is usually faster and far cheaper than a road transfer.
Frankfurt Airport: From Frankfurt Flughafen Fernbahnhof, take a direct ICE to Köln Hbf. The rail journey is about one hour; budget roughly €30–60 depending on how early you buy. Do not route via Frankfurt city centre unless your ticket specifically requires it.
Köln Hauptbahnhof: The main station is directly beside the Dom and Altstadt, so central hotels are commonly walkable in 5–20 minutes. For anywhere else, use the adjacent Dom/Hbf U-Bahn and tram stops; a Cologne city single ticket is €3.80 in 2026.
Köln Messe/Deutz: Best for the trade-fair grounds, Lanxess Arena and the east bank. For the cathedral/old town, walk across Hohenzollern Bridge in around 15 minutes, or use local rail/tram for a short hop; do not take a taxi just to cross the river.